The TCA cycle mediates the catabolism of acetyl-CoA to yield...

created [InstanceEdit:1173233] D'Eustachio, P, 2011-01-21
dbId 1173250
displayName The TCA cycle mediates the catabolism of acetyl-CoA to yield...
modified [InstanceEdit:5146793] D'Eustachio, P, 2013-11-18
schemaClass Summation
text The TCA cycle mediates the catabolism of acetyl-CoA to yield two molecules of CO2 and reducing equivalents in the form of NADH + H+ and FADH2. In plants, it is also an important source of carbon skeletons for biosynthetic reactions (Sweetlove et al. 2010).

There is strong evidence for malate providing the carbon skeletons for acetyl-CoA synthesis rather than pyruvate, especially in high energy demand situations and stress conditions. This variant reaction is catalyzed by NAD-dependent malic enzymes. In addition to malate generated in mitochondria, malate for acetyl-CoA synthesis could be derived from the vacuolar store (Araujo et al. 2012, Day and Hanson 1977, Grover et al. 1981, Millar et al. 2011, Tronconi et al. 2010a,b).