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Rice gene Os01g0832300/ encodes a calcium-dependent protein kinase OsCDPK3. Rice genome encodes a total 29 calcium-dependent protein kinase. Os01g0832300 has highest similarity to Os05g0467000 encoding OsCDPK16, however, the expression pattern of two genes differ. The OsCDPK3 is shown to express highly in root and seeds compared to the leaves, however, the mRNA is cell-to-cell mobile (PMID: 15695435). OsCDPK16 expression was not detected under normal condition and it is induced in response to salinity. Both OsCDPK3 and OsCDPK16 are involved in protein phosphorylation and may have dual localization in the nucleus and in the plasma membrane, These two rice gene have a single corresponding ortholog in arabidopsis AtCPK13 kinase (encoded by At3G51850). AtCPK13 was shown to interact with the AtSAM5 ( ATEGT2) in yeast two-hybrid analysis (Jones et al., 2014; PMID: 24833385). AtSAM5 and its barley homolog HvEGT2 show dual localization in the cytosol and the nucleus. In plants, calcium acts as a universal second messenger in various signal transduction pathways. The plant-specific calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play important roles regulating downstream components of calcium signaling.
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