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WUSCHEL RELATED HOMEOBOX 11 (WOX11) plays an important role in controlling the shoot tiller angle and crown root formation in rice. In shoots, WOX11 expression could be induced by gravistimulation via an auxin-dependent manner, and it acts downstream of LAZY1 (Zhu et al., 2021, and Zhang et al., 2018). WOX11 was also found to be expressed in emerging crown roots and later in cell division regions of the root meristem, and its expression is induced by exogenous auxin and/or cytokinin. Loss-of-function mutation of WOX11 caused a reduction in the number and the growth rate of crown roots, whereas overexpression of the gene induced precocious crown root growth and dramatically increased the root biomass by producing crown roots at the upper stem nodes and the base of florets (Zhao et al., 2009). The expressions of auxin and cytokinin-responsive genes were affected in WOX11 overexpression and RNA interference transgenic plants. WOX11 directly represses a type-A cytokinin-responsive regulator gene and regulates cell proliferation during crown root development. The WOX11 promoter has binding sites for the OsHOX1 AND OsHOX 28 form dimers. OsHOX1 AND OsHOX 28 form dimers, and then the complex will likely work as a repressor.
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