The OsMADS57 transcription factor plays a crucial role in various aspects of rice plant development and stress responses, including regulating tiller growth, plant height, and responding to environmental stresses such as cold and salinity. An activation-tagged mutant osmads57-1 and OsMADS57-overexpression lines showed increased tillers, whereas OsMADS57 antisense lines had fewer tillers. OsMADS57 binds to the CArG motif [C(A/T)TTAAAAAG] in the promoter of D14 and is shown to directly suppress D14 expression. OsMADS57 interacts with OsTB1 (TEOSINTE BRANCHED1), and this interaction reduces OsMADS57-mediated inhibition of D14 transcription. Thus, OsTB1 indirectly promotes D14 transcription to control (inhibit) the outgrowth of axillary buds in rice (Guo et al., 2013).
